ریش
Kashmiri
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian ریش (rīš).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [reːʃ]
Noun
ریش • (rēś) m (Devanagari रेश)
Derived terms
- ریشَل (rēśal)
References
- S. K. Toshakhani; J. Lal Kaul; Mohiuddin Hajni; Prithvi Nath Pushp; Akhtar Mohiuddin (1968-1980), Kashir Dictionary Vol 3[1] (in Kashmiri), volume 3, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 377
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Persian ریش (riš, “beard”).
Noun
ریش • (riş)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Persian ریش (riš, “wound”).
Noun
ریش • (riş)
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Arabic رِيش (rīš, “feathering, plumage”).
Noun
ریش • (riş) (plural ریاش)
Further reading
- Kélékian, Diran (1911), “ریش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 635
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “ریش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[3], Vienna, columns 2407–2408
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ریش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 998
Persian
Etymology 1
Derived from Middle Persian [script needed] (lyš /rēš/, “beard”), probably from Proto-Iranian *xraiša-, from Proto-Indo-European *kreyso-, itself from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kre-i-s-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈreːʃ/, /ˈriːʃ/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [riːʃ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɹiːʃ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɾiʃ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | rēš, rīš |
| Dari reading? | rīš |
| Iranian reading? | riš |
| Tajik reading? | riš |
Noun
ریش • (rīš, rēš / riš) (plural ریشها (rīš-hā, rēš-hā / riš-hâ), Tajik spelling риш)
- beard
- c. 16th–17th century, Baha al-Din al-Amili, “شمارهٔ ۱ [šumāra-yi 1]”, in دیوان اشعار [dēwān-i aš'ār][5]:
- شانه عاج ار نبود بهر ریش
شانه توان کرد به انگشت خویش- šāna-yi āj ar nabuwad bahr-i rēš
šāna tawān kard ba angušt-i xwēš - If there is no ivory comb for one's beard,
It can be combed with one's own fingers.
- šāna-yi āj ar nabuwad bahr-i rēš
Inflection
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| bare | ریش (riš) | ریشها، ریشا△ (riš-hấ, rišấ△) |
| definitive direct object | ریش را، ریش رو△ (riš râ, rišo△) | ریشها را، ریشا رو△ (riš-hấ râ, rišấ ro△) |
| ezâfe | ریش (riš-e) | ریشهای، ریشای△ (riš-hấ-ye, rišấ-ye△) |
| marked indefinite or relative definite |
ریشی (riš-i) | ریشهایی، ریشایی△ (rišấn-i, riš-hấ-i, rišấi△) |
△ Colloquial.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular (“my”) |
ریشم (rišam) | ریشهایم، ریشهام، ریشام△ (riš-hấyam, rišấm△) |
| 2nd person singular (“your”) |
ریشت (rišat, rišet△) | ریشهایت، ریشهات، ریشات△ (riš-hấyat, rišất△) |
| 3rd person singular (“his, her, its”) |
ریشش (rišaš, rišeš△) | ریشهایش، ریشهاش، ریشاش△ (riš-hấyaš, rišấš△) |
| 1st person plural (“our”) |
ریشمان، ریشمون△ (rišemân, rišemun△) | ریشهایمان، ریشهامون، ریشامون△ (riš-hấyemân, rišấmun△) |
| 2nd person plural (“your”) |
ریشتان، ریشتون△ (rišetân, rišetun△) | ریشهایتان، ریشهاتون، ریشاتون△ (riš-hấyetân, rišấtun△) |
| 3rd person plural (“their”) |
ریششان، ریششون△ (rišešân, rišešun△) | ریشهایشان، ریشهاشون، ریشاشون△ (riš-hấyešân, rišấšun△) |
△ Colloquial.
Related terms
- ریشو (rišu)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Middle Persian lyš (rēš), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rayšás (“injury, wound”) from the root *rayš- (“to be wounded, hurt; to suffer injury”).[2][3]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈreːʃ/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [reːʃ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɹiːʃ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɾeʃ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | rēš |
| Dari reading? | rēš |
| Iranian reading? | riš |
| Tajik reading? | reš |
Noun
ریش • (rēš / riš) (plural ریشها (rēš-hā / riš-hâ), Tajik spelling реш)
References
- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 358
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 309
- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 357
Urdu
Etymology 1
Derived from Classical Persian ریش (rīš, “beard”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɾiːʃ/
Noun
ریش • (rīš) f (Hindi spelling रीश)
Related terms
- ریشائیل (reśāel)
Etymology 2
Derived from Classical Persian ریش (rēš, “wound, injury”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɾeːʃ/
Noun
ریش • (rēš) m (Hindi spelling रेश)