חמץ

See also: ח־מ־ץ

Aramaic

Verb

חמץ • (transliteration needed)

  1. To be sour.

Hebrew

Etymology

Root
ח־מ־ץ (kh-m-ts)
10 terms

Cognate with Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חמע, Classical Syriac ܚܡܥ, Arabic حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ) and Akkadian 𒄩𒁀𒍮 (ḫabāṣu, ḫamāṣu, “to be cheerful, to be elated from alcohol”).

Pronunciation

  • (Biblical Hebrew) IPA(key): /ħaːˈmeːsˤ/
  • (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA(key): /ħaˈmet͡s/, /ħaˈmesˤ/
  • (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA(key): /ˈχɔmət͡s/
  • (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /χaˈmet͡s/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

חָמֵץ • (khaméts) (pa'al construction)

  1. To leaven, ferment. (of dough)

Conjugation

Conjugation of חָמַץ (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לחמוץ / לַחֲמֹץ
action noun —
passive participle חָמוּץ
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first חָמַצְתִּי חָמַצְנוּ
second חָמַצְתָּ חָמַצְתְּ חֲמַצְתֶּם1 חֲמַצְתֶּן1
third חָמַץ חָמְצָה חָמְצוּ
present חָמֵץ חֲמֵצָה חֲמֵצִים חֲמֵצוֹת
future first אֶחֱמַץ נֶחֱמַץ
second תֶּחֱמַץ תֶּחֶמְצִי תֶּחֶמְצוּ תֶּחֱמַצְנָה2
third יֶחֱמַץ תֶּחֱמַץ יֶחֶמְצוּ תֶּחֱמַצְנָה2
imperative positive חֲמַץ חִמְצִי חִמְצוּ חֲמַצְנָה2
negative אַל + Second person future tense

1 Pronounced חָמַצְתֶּם and חָמַצְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

or

Conjugation of חָמַץ (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לחמוץ / לַחְמֹץ
action noun —
passive participle חָמוּץ
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first חָמַצְתִּי חָמַצְנוּ
second חָמַצְתָּ חָמַצְתְּ חֲמַצְתֶּם1 חֲמַצְתֶּן1
third חָמַץ חָמְצָה חָמְצוּ
present חָמֵץ חֲמֵצָה חֲמֵצִים חֲמֵצוֹת
future first אֶחְמַץ נֶחְמַץ
second תֶּחְמַץ תֶּחְמְצִי תֶּחְמְצוּ תֶּחְמַצְנָה2
third יֶחְמַץ תֶּחְמַץ יֶחְמְצוּ תֶּחְמַצְנָה2
imperative positive חֲמַץ חִמְצִי חִמְצוּ חֲמַצְנָה2
negative אַל + Second person future tense

1 Pronounced חָמַצְתֶּם and חָמַצְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Noun

חָמֵץ • (khaméts) m

  1. (Judaism, collective) chametz (leavened food that is forbidden on Passover)

Usage notes

  • Used mostly in the context of the rules and rituals ahead of and during the Jewish holiday of Passover, where it denotes products forbidden for consumption or possession by Jews during the holiday. In this context, the opposite of חָמֵץ is כָּשֵׁר לְפֶּסַח (kashér lepésakh, “kosher for Passover”).

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → English: chametz
  • → German: Chamez

Noun

חֹמֶץ • (khómets) m

  1. defective spelling of חומץ (vinegar)

References

  • Duschak, Moritz (1870), Die Botanik des Talmud (in German), Pest: I. Neuer, pages 32–33

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew חָמֵץ.

Pronunciation

Noun

חמץ • (khomets) m

  1. (Judaism) chametz (foods with leavening agents that are forbidden on the Jewish holiday of Passover)

Derived terms

  • חמצדיק (khometsdik)
  • בדיקת־חמץ (bedikes-khomets)
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