պահրան

Middle Armenian

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. For the ghost meaning "pasture" see the note below.

Note

Karst mistranslated պահրան (pahran) as Weide in Smbat Sparapet (see the passage in the quotations section).[1] Based on that, a hapax պահրան (pahran, “pastureland”) was included in Ačaṙyan's dictionary with a question mark.[2] It even received etymology treatment as a supposed archaism.[3][4]

However, we are simply dealing with an alternative form of Middle Armenian բուհրան (buhran, “crisis of a disease”) from Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān, “crisis, panic”). This meaning fits the passage in Smbat Sparapet better, the idea being that when meting punishment for a damage done by an animal one should take into account whether it is in the crisis of a disease. The spelling պահրան (pahran) is attested multiple times in a newly published work of Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi where the meaning is undoubtedly “crisis of a disease” (see the quotations section).[5]

Noun

պահրան • (pahran)

  1. alternative form of բուհրան (buhran, “crisis of a disease”)
    • 1265, Smbat Sparapet, Datastanagirkʻ [Law Code] 198:[1][6]
      Եւ զայլ անսնոցն վնասն տեսնուլ պիտի և զպահրանն, նոյնպէս և զարծաւղն և զսպաննելն և զգնելն անասնոց. և զվճար վնասուն ի վերայ այնոր այնեն, որ արծաւղն վճարէ։
      Ew zayl ansnocʻn vnasn tesnul piti ew zpahrann, noynpēs ew zarcawġn ew zspanneln ew zgneln anasnocʻ. ew zvčar vnasun i veray aynor aynen, or arcawġn včarē.
      And when calculating the damage by other animals, one should take into account the crisis of a disease, as well as the shepherd and the beating, and the killing of animals; and on this basis the damage must be established, and the shepherd must pay it.
    • 1459, Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi, Usumn bžškutʻean [The Lore of Medicine] 52:[7]
      Ասէ նեռուլս և հոգս ի աւր մն լինի պահրան, և գիշերն հասցնէ զպահրանն։ Եւ թէ այս հիւընդութեան ի ստամոքն լինի, նայ նորայ պահրանն ի փսխելուն լինի և բնութիւնն զան ցաւն ի փսխելով ի դուս հանէ և խալսէ զհիւանդն։
      Asē neṙuls ew hogs i awr mn lini pahran, ew gišern hascʻnē zpahrann. Ew tʻē ays hiwəndutʻean i stamokʻn lini, nay noray pahrann i pʻsxelun lini ew bnutʻiwnn zan cʻawn i pʻsxelov i dus hanē ew xalsē zhiwandn.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1459, Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi, Usumn bžškutʻean [The Lore of Medicine] 52:[8]
      Ասէ Սինէայ որդին, թէ պահրան ասելն ասորի լեզու է, և ասել կու լինի, թէ այն պահրանն կռիւ է, որ բնութիւնն և հիւանդութիւնն կու կովին։
      Asē Sinēay ordin, tʻē pahran aseln asori lezu ē, ew asel ku lini, tʻē ayn pahrann kṙiw ē, or bnutʻiwnn ew hiwandutʻiwnn ku kovin.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Karst, Josef (1915), Armenisches Rechtsbuch (in German), volume I, Karl J. Trübner: Strassburg, page 211
  2. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979), “պահրան”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 12b
  3. ^ Džaukjan, G. B. (1967), Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language]‎[1] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 305 compares with Old Armenian հօրան (hōran, “flock of sheep or goats; sheepfold”)
  4. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 401 derives from Middle Iranian [Term?] (“pasturing”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-tro- (“guarder, protector, keeper”), from *peh₂- (“to protect”), and thus a cognate of Old Armenian հօրան (hōran)
  5. ^ Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi (2014), Donara Karapetyan, editor, Usumn bžškutʻeann ē ays [The Lore of Medicine] (in Middle Armenian), Yerevan: Matenadaran, page 151, endnote 19. No connection is made there with պահրան (pahran) of Smbat Sparapet.
  6. ^ Smbat Sparapet (1958), A. G. Galstyan, transl., Datastanagirkʻ [Law Code], Yerevan: HayPetHrat, page 167
  7. ^ Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi (2014), Donara Karapetyan, editor, Usumn bžškutʻeann ē ays [The Lore of Medicine] (in Middle Armenian), Yerevan: Matenadaran, page 118
  8. ^ Amirdovlatʻ Amasiacʻi (2014), Donara Karapetyan, editor, Usumn bžškutʻeann ē ays [The Lore of Medicine] (in Middle Armenian), Yerevan: Matenadaran, page 121
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