φάος

See also: φᾶος

Ancient Greek

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰáwos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂os, from *bʰeh₂- (“shine”).^[1] Compare φαεινός (phaeinós), φάω (pháō), and φαίνω (phaínō). Cognates include Latin iubar (“radiance, light”); Sanskrit भास् (bhās, “light, brilliance”) and भास (bhāsa, “luster, light”); and Old English basu (“purple”).

φᾰ́ος • (phắos) n (genitive φᾰ́εος or φᾰ́ους); third declension

light, especially daylight
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.371
1. the light of a torch, fire, a light
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.24
2. of the light or time of day
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.429
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.605
- 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 515E
(poetic) the life of men
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.61
- 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 153
a day
- c. 440 BCE, Euripides, Rhesus 447
the light of the eyes
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 10.75
a window
- 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.515B
(figurative or poetic) delight, deliverance, happiness, victory, glory, etc.
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.615
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.6
the dark ring around the nipple, areola
- ante 177 CE, Pollux, Onomasticon 2.163

Third declension of τὸ φᾰ́ος; τοῦ φᾰ́εος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ φᾰ́ος tò phắos	τὼ φᾰ́εε / φᾰ́ει tṑ phắee / phắei	τᾰ̀ φᾰ́εᾰ / φᾰ́η tằ phắeă / phắē
Genitive	τοῦ φᾰ́εος / φᾰ́ους toû phắeos / phắous	τοῖν φᾰέοιν / φᾰοῖν toîn phăéoin / phăoîn	τῶν φᾰέων / φᾰῶν tôn phăéōn / phăôn
Dative	τῷ φᾰ́εῐ̈ / φᾰ́ει tōî phắeĭ̈ / phắei	τοῖν φᾰέοιν / φᾰοῖν toîn phăéoin / phăoîn	τοῖς φᾰ́εσῐ / φᾰ́εσῐν toîs phắesĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ φᾰ́ος tò phắos	τὼ φᾰ́εε / φᾰ́ει tṑ phắee / phắei	τᾰ̀ φᾰ́εᾰ / φᾰ́η tằ phắeă / phắē
Vocative	φᾰ́ος phắos	φᾰ́εε / φᾰ́ει phắee / phắei	φᾰ́εᾰ / φᾰ́η phắeă / phắē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of φᾰ́ος; φᾰ́εος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	φᾰ́ος / φόως phắos / phóōs	φᾰ́εε / φᾰ́ει phắee / phắei	φᾰ́εᾰ phắeă
Genitive	φᾰ́εος / φᾰ́ευς phắeos / phắeus	φᾰέοιν / φᾰέοιῐν phăéoi(ĭ)n	φᾰέων phăéōn
Dative	φᾰ́εῐ̈ / φᾰ́ει phắeĭ̈ / phắei	φᾰέοιν / φᾰέοιῐν phăéoi(ĭ)n	φᾰ́εσῐ / φᾰ́εσῐν / φᾰ́εσσῐ / φᾰ́εσσῐν / φᾰέεσῐ / φᾰέεσῐν / φᾰέεσσῐ / φᾰέεσσῐν phắesĭ(n) / phắessĭ(n) / phăéesĭ(n) / phăéessĭ(n)
Accusative	φᾰ́ος / φόως phắos / phóōs	φᾰ́εε / φᾰ́ει phắee / phắei	φᾰ́εᾰ phắeă
Vocative	φᾰ́ος / φόως phắos / phóōs	φᾰ́εε / φᾰ́ει phắee / phắei	φᾰ́εᾰ phắeă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “φάος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1551-2

“φάος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“φάος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“φάος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
φάος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
φάος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“φάος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- blaze idem, page 82.
- darling idem, page 195.
- daylight idem, page 197.
- flame idem, page 325.
- glimmer idem, page 362.
- glory idem, page 363.
- glow idem, page 363.
- jewel idem, page 463.
- light idem, page 490.
- loadstar idem, page 496.
- pet idem, page 609.
- pride idem, page 640.
- treasure idem, page 891.
φάος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011