καμάρα

See also: κάμαρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • κᾰμᾰ́ρη (kămắrē) — Ionic

Etymology

  • Possibly an Old Iranian borrowing, from Proto-Iranian *kamarā- (“something curved”), from *kamárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kmárati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”). Compare Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬁 (kamarā, “girdle”),[1] Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kml /⁠kamar⁠/, “waist; belt, girdle”), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫞𐫖𐫡 (qmr /⁠kamar⁠/, “vault”), Persian کمر (kamar, “waist; belt, girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge”) and the Old Armenian loanword կամար (kamar, “girdle; arch, vault”).[2][3][4][5] The Hesychian gloss καμαρίς (kamarís, “woman's ornament”) is also from Iranian. Alternatively, in view of the primary meaning “vault”, Kroonen derives καμάρα instead from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō (“heavenly vault; anvil; meteorite”), with the same kind of metathesis commonly postulated for Germanic and Balto-Slavic, i.e. *ḱh₂mr̥h₂.[6]

    Pronunciation

     

    Noun

    κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ • (kămắrā) f (genitive κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς); first declension

    1. anything with an arched cover such as a covered carriage or boat, a vaulted chamber; vault, span

    Declension

    First declension of ἡ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ; τῆς κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς (Attic)
    Case / # Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative ἡ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ
    hē kămắrā     		τὼ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ
    tṑ kămắrā     		αἱ κᾰμᾰ́ραι
    hai kămắrai
    Genitive τῆς κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς
    tês kămắrās     		τοῖν κᾰμᾰ́ραιν
    toîn kămắrain     		τῶν κᾰμᾰρῶν
    tôn kămărôn
    Dative τῇ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾳ
    tēî kămắrāi     		τοῖν κᾰμᾰ́ραιν
    toîn kămắrain     		ταῖς κᾰμᾰ́ραις
    taîs kămắrais
    Accusative τὴν κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱν
    tḕn kămắrān     		τὼ κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ
    tṑ kămắrā     		τᾱ̀ς κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱς
    tā̀s kămắrās
    Vocative κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ
    kămắrā     		κᾰμᾰ́ρᾱ
    kămắrā     		κᾰμᾰ́ραι
    kămắrai
    Notes:
    • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

    Descendants

    • Greek: καμάρα (kamára)
    • → Arabic: كَمَرَة (kamara), قُمْرَة (qumra)
    • → Latin: camara, camera (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Italian: Cammarata
    • →? Old Georgian: კამარაჲ (ḳamaray)

    References

    1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “καμάρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 629–630
    2. ^ Lagarde, Paul de (1877), Armenische Studien (in German), Göttingen: Dieterich, page 73
    3. ^ Fick A. (1909), “Hesychglossen VI”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung‎[1], volume 43, pages 137–138
    4. ^ Hemmerdinger, Bertrand (1971), “173 noms communs grecs d'origine iranienne”, in Byzantinoslavica‎[2] (in French), volume 32, page 54 of 52–55
    5. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “kemer”, in Nişanyan Sözlük.
    6. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*hamara-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207

    Further reading

    Greek

    Etymology

    Inherited from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára).[1]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kaˈma.ɾa/
    • Hyphenation: κα‧μά‧ρα

    Noun

    καμάρα • (kamára) f (plural καμάρες)

    1. (architecture) arch
      Synonym: αψίδα f (apsída)
    2. (anatomy) arch (the curved part of the bottom of a foot)
    3. (gymnastics) bridge

    Declension

    Declension of καμάρα
    singular plural
    nominative καμάρα (kamára) καμάρες (kamáres)
    genitive καμάρας (kamáras) καμαρών (kamarón)
    accusative καμάρα (kamára) καμάρες (kamáres)
    vocative καμάρα (kamára) καμάρες (kamáres)

    References

    1. ^ καμάρα, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
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